Hydrological features (Water Overlay): Difference between revisions

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The water system can be enhanced with a number of hydrological features, which can be loaded in as [[area]]s. These hydrological features form special properties or modifications on the hydrological system.
The water system can be enhanced with a number of hydrological features, which can be loaded in as [[area]]s. These hydrological features are a means to set specific hydrological properties to a large amount of grid cells at once.
{{Overlay features|suppresscategory=true|allowselflinks=true|moreinfo=Presence|
{{Overlay features|type=row|overlay=Water    |name=Water area      |icon=Waterwizard_icon_water level area.png  |category=Hydrological Feature  |ftype=[[Area]]    |key=WATER_LEVEL      |moreinfo=Water Overlays}}
{{Overlay features|type=row|overlay=Water    |name=Sewer area      |icon=Waterwizard_icon_sewer.png            |category=Hydrological Feature  |ftype=[[Area]]    |key=SEWER_STORAGE    |moreinfo=Water Overlays}}
{{Overlay features|type=row|overlay=Water    |name=Breach          |icon=Waterwizard_icon_breach.png            |category=Hydrological Feature  |ftype=[[Area]]    |key=BREACH_HEIGHT    |moreinfo=Flooding overlays}}
{{Overlay features|type=row|overlay=Water    |name=Inundation area  |icon=Waterwizard_icon_inundation_area.png  |category=Hydrological Feature  |ftype=[[Area]]    |key=INUNDATION_LEVEL |moreinfo=Water Overlays}}
{{Overlay features|type=row|overlay=Water    |name=Aquifer          |icon=Waterwizard_icon_aquifer_area.png      |category=Hydrological Feature  |ftype=[[Area]]    |key=AQUIFER_KD      |moreinfo=Groundwater overlays}}
{{Overlay features|type=row|overlay=Water    |name=Rain area        |icon=Waterwizard_icon_rain_area.png        |category=Hydrological Feature  |ftype=[[Area]]    |key=RAIN_M      |moreinfo=Water overlays}}
{{Overlay features|type=row|overlay=Water    |name=Limitation area  |icon=Waterwizard_icon_limitation_area.png  |category=Simulation Feature    |ftype=[[Area]]    |key=LIMIT_AREA      |moreinfo=Water Overlays}}
}}


====Water level area====
==Identification==
A water level area represents real-world water level areas. Within a water level area, the heights of all water [[terrain]]s are set to a specified level. {{RequestImage|description=An image (before)showing a terrain with part of it marked as water terrain. A second image (after) showing the same terrain, with the water terrain no longer specially marked but with a quantity of water on top. Both images have one valley marked as water terrain and another one which is regular terrain.}}
Areas can be identified as a hydrological feature when this area has the identification attribute. This is the first attribute in the described table of attributes for each hydrological feature. They are also listed in the table above.
{| class="wikitable"
! Attribute
! Unit
! Description
! Default (when attribute is not present)
|-
|{{anchor|WATER_LEVEL|WATER_LEVEL}}
|{{mdatum}}
|The water level for all water terrains in this water level area
|n/a
|}
If no water level area is present in the project, the water level on water terrains is assumed to be extremely low. This allows water to flow into the open water areas at all times.


====Sewer area====
The identification attribute (and all other attributes used by hydrological features) can be configured as a [[key]] of the [[Water Overlay]]. Keys indicate which attribute of constructions or features is used to represent specific geographical input parameters for the calculation. This can be of use when setting up a project or [[template]] which makes use of [[Geo Data Wizard|user-provided geodata]].
A sewer area is part of the definition of a system of sewers in the specified area. Sewer storage is present in the hydrological model wherever the sewer area intersects with a {{inlink|Sewered constructions|sewered construction}}.
{| class="wikitable"
! Attribute
! Unit
! Description
! Default (when attribute is not present)
|-
|{{anchor|SEWER_STORAGE|SEWER_STORAGE}}
|m
|The maximum height the water can reach in this sewer. This value, multiplied by the surface area of the sewered constructions the sewer area intersects with, forms the total amount of water this sewer can store.
|n/a
|-
|{{anchor|SEWER_PUMP_SPEED|SEWER_PUMP_SPEED}}
|m3/s
|The amount of water removed from the sewer by removing it from the hydrological model entirely.
|0
|}
Sewers don't have default storage amount, but when generating them automatically in the {{inlink|lcase=1|Configuration wizard}}, suggested values are 0,007m for older sewers and 0,04 for newer sewers.


====Breach====
{{article end
A breach is a modification to the [[terrain height]], with an optional in- or outflow of water for the hydrological model. This can be used to represent calamitous situations, such as a breach in a levee. Breaches can also be used to easily simulate a terrain height increase, effectively creating a levee.
|notes=
 
* Overlapping hydrological features of the same type are not allowed. Should in any location two or more features of the same type overlay overlap, the values of one of the features are used, and the values of the other features are ignored.
A breach can either be defined solely as a terrain height modification using its {{inlink|BREACH_HEIGHT}} attribute, or as a connection to a water body outside of the hydrological model by adding attributes related to the external water body. If the breach is only defined as a terrain height change, only water that is already created or defined in some other way in the hydrological model can flow through and from it.
}}
 
{{WaterOverlay hydrological features nav}}
If the breach is given the attributes required for the external water body, water will automatically be created or removed uniformly on the breach, depending on the simulated water body "behind" the breach.
[[Category:Water Module]]
 
The breach can grow over time, based on its initial width and the critical speed at which water may flow. If a {{inlink|BREACH_WIDTH}} is defined, the breach's polygon is intersected with a circle emanating from the centerpoint of the polygon. It is only in that intersection, dubbed the "active breach", that water will flow in from the simulated external water body.. The radius of the circle defining the intersection will expand when the water flowing in from the external water body exceeds the {{inlink|BREACH_SPEED}}. Water flowing in the hydrological model across the breach's surface without explicitly entering or leaving the hydrological model through the breach and its simulated water body does not "count" for the critical speed. All cells in the active breach are considered directly adjacent to the external water body.
 
The entire breach area is considered lowered to the height defined by its {{inlink|BREACH_HEIGHT}} attribute, even if the active breach does not extend across the entirety of the breach area.
 
Water flowing through or across a breach will flow in the direction defined by the {{inlink|BREACH_ANGLE}} attribute, regardless of whether the water flowed onto the breach from elsewhere in the water model, or from the simulated external water body. If no {{inlink|BREACH_ANGLE}} is defined, water can flow in any direction.
 
If no critical speed is defined, the active breach will never grow. If no width is defined, the width is assumed to be very large, creating an intersection exactly the size of the polygon.
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Attribute
! Unit
! Description
! Default (when attribute is not present)
|-
|{{anchor|BREACH_HEIGHT|BREACH_HEIGHT}}
|{{mdatum}}
|The new [[terrain height]] at the location of the breach.
|n/a
|-
|{{anchor|BREACH_WIDTH|BREACH_WIDTH}}
|m
|The radius of the breach as drawn on the polygon defining the breach, emanating from the center point.
|10000
|-
|{{anchor|BREACH_ANGLE|BREACH_ANGLE}}
|{{geoangle}}
|The angle at which water can flow from the breach.
|n/a
|-
|{{anchor|BREACH_SPEED|BREACH_SPEED}}
|m/s
|The speed at which water should flow through the breach before the width begins to increase.
|n/a
|-
|{{anchor|EXTERNAL_SURFACE_LEVEL|EXTERNAL_SURFACE_LEVEL}}
|{{mdatum}}
|The height of the bottom of the external water body behind the breach. The lowest level the external water level can lower to.
|0
|-
|{{anchor|EXTERNAL_WATER_LEVEL|EXTERNAL_WATER_LEVEL}}
|{{mdatum}}
|The water level of the external water body behind the breach. The initial level the water level is set to.
|0
|-
|{{anchor|EXTERNAL_AREA|EXTERNAL_AREA}}
|m²
|The surface area of the external water body behind the breach. The larger the external water body, the more water can flow from it, and the smaller the effect of the inflow or outflow of water on the external water level.
|n/a
|}
 
====Inundation====
An inundation is an initial placement of a quantity of water. This differs from the {{inlink|lcase=1|Water level area}}s in that an inundation level allows you to place water anywhere on the surface.{{RequestImage|description=Same image as for water area, but in which the water terrain is already filled and the other valley isn't, but in the second image is filled with water.}}
{| class="wikitable"
! Attribute
! Unit
! Description
! Default (when attribute is not present)
|-
|{{anchor|INUNDATION_LEVEL|INUNDATION_LEVEL}}
|{{mdatum}}
|The height of the water.
|n/a
|}
 
====Aquifer====
The aquifer is an additional definition for the underground, allowing for {{inlink|Underground model|underground horizontal flow}} different from the underground terrain's {{inlink|GROUND_INFILTRATION_MD_underground|GROUND_INFILTRATION_MD}}.{{RequestImage|description=Wide Depiction of underground terrain. Part of the underground has 1 or 2 arrows to depict flowing right. A part further right is highlighted (the aquifer) and has 3 or 4 arrows depicting flow to the right.}}
{| class="wikitable"
! Attribute
! Unit
! Description
! Default (when attribute is not present)
|-
|{{anchor|AQUIFER_KD|AQUIFER_KD}}
|m²/day
|The hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer, which dictates the speed at which water can flow horizontally through the underground.
|n/a
|-
|{{anchor|AQUIFER_HEIGHT|AQUIFER_HEIGHT}}
|m
|
|n/a
|}
Note that the aquifer only functions if its hydraulic conductivity is greater than 0. If it is 0 or less the aquifer is disregarded, and the {{inlink|GROUND_INFILTRATION_MD_underground|GROUND_INFILTRATION_MD}} of the underground terrain is used.

Latest revision as of 15:14, 18 March 2022

The water system can be enhanced with a number of hydrological features, which can be loaded in as areas. These hydrological features are a means to set specific hydrological properties to a large amount of grid cells at once.

Icon Name Category Type Identification Key Presence
Waterwizard icon water level area.png Water area Hydrological Feature Area WATER_LEVEL Water Overlays
Waterwizard icon sewer.png Sewer area Hydrological Feature Area SEWER_STORAGE Water Overlays
Waterwizard icon breach.png Breach Hydrological Feature Area BREACH_HEIGHT Flooding overlays
Waterwizard icon inundation area.png Inundation area Hydrological Feature Area INUNDATION_LEVEL Water Overlays
Waterwizard icon aquifer area.png Aquifer Hydrological Feature Area AQUIFER_KD Groundwater overlays
Waterwizard icon rain area.png Rain area Hydrological Feature Area RAIN_M Water overlays
Waterwizard icon limitation area.png Limitation area Simulation Feature Area LIMIT_AREA Water Overlays

Identification

Areas can be identified as a hydrological feature when this area has the identification attribute. This is the first attribute in the described table of attributes for each hydrological feature. They are also listed in the table above.

The identification attribute (and all other attributes used by hydrological features) can be configured as a key of the Water Overlay. Keys indicate which attribute of constructions or features is used to represent specific geographical input parameters for the calculation. This can be of use when setting up a project or template which makes use of user-provided geodata.

Notes

  • Overlapping hydrological features of the same type are not allowed. Should in any location two or more features of the same type overlay overlap, the values of one of the features are used, and the values of the other features are ignored.
Water Module
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Water Module
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Tutorials
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Overview
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Theory
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Benchmarks
Group
Water area
Water level • Water relative
Sewer area
Sewer storage • Sewer pump speed
Inundation area
Inundation level
Aquifer
Aquifer kd • Aquifer datum
Breach
Breach height • Breach width • Breach angle • Breach coefficient • Breach speed • Breach input area • Breach level area • External surface level • External water level • External area
Rain area
Rain m
Limitation area
Limit area
Output
Object flow output • Object height output • Object datum output a • Object datum output b • Object width output
Related
Building attributes • Hydraulic structures •  Terrain attributes • Model attributes • Results • Simulation data
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