GeoTIFF
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What is a GeoTIFF
GeoTIFF is a file format for geographical raster data. It is an variation on the TIFF image file format, but especially for Geo data. It contains/can contain specific metadata for Geo data, such as the CRS (Coordinate Reference System), the spatial extent (coverage), resolution and no data value.
How to create a GeoTIFF file
To convert a Geo Data set so that it meets these requirements, for example a GIS (Geographical Information System) can be used. ArcGIS Desktop is one example. An open-source alternative is QGIS.